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Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO and other Bank Exams

Dear Students,
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Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO 

Today we’ll discuss about Syllogism. This topic can fetch you marks easily but you need to know the right concepts and types of questions to practice. 

In banking exams Syllogism questions can be asked in itself. Usually 4-5 questions can be asked from this topic, thus it can fetch you easy marks with right practice.

These questions are usually of the following nature:
Two or more statements are given, and one is supposed to find out all the possible conclusions from the given statements.

Note:- 
1. Consider statements are always truth that is statement are universal truth. This is main concept of syllogism.
2. You must understand their statement and after that, considered on their conclusion.

Statement Type:
Type 1: All Books are pen
Type 2: No Book is pen
Type 3: Some Book are pen
Type 4: Some Book are not pen

Conclusion Type:

Type 1: All Books are pen
Type 2: No Books are pen
Type 3: Some Books are pen
Type 4: Some Books are not pen
Type 5: All Books are pen is a possibilities
Type 6: All Books are not pen is a possibilities
Type 7: At least some books are pen

There are three types of conclusion in syllogism-

1. Positive- where we are 100% sure.
2. Negative- In this, we are sure that it doesn’t
3. Possibility- In this we are not 100% sure but Possible case may occur. In syllogism, a conclusion which is not 100% sure, it’s possibilities can happen i.e we are doubtful in saying it but the possibility may occur

1. Positive conclusion:

Statements: All mad are bad. All bad is crazy. All crazy are mango
Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO and other Bank Exams |_3.1
Conclusion:
All mad are crazy – right
All bad are mango – right
Some mad are mango – right
Some mango are crazy – right
Some crazy are bad – right
Some bad are mango – right
All crazy are mad – wrong
All mango are bad – wrong
All bad are mad – wrong
Here- In positive sentences Negative and possible conclusions are false.
2. Negative conclusion:
Statements: All book is notes. All notes is marker. No notes is pen.
Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO and other Bank Exams |_4.1
Conclusion:
No book is pen- (correct): here no notes is pen so no book is pen is right.
No Pen is Notes- (correct)
3. Possibility conclusion: In syllogism, conclusion which is not 100% sure, it’s possibilities can happen i.e we are doubtful in saying it but possibility may occurs.
Statements: Some blue are green. Some grey is blue. All green are white 
Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO and other Bank Exams |_5.1
Conclusions:  
Some grey is white is a possibility-(right)
All green are grey is a possibility-(right)
Some Blue is white is a possibility-(wrong) Because it is a definite case. So condition of possibility is wrong.
COMPLEMENTARY PAIR: (Either or condition):
Conditions of complementary pairs. 

1. Some + No:
Example: Statements: Some classroom are smart. Some smart are music.
Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO and other Bank Exams |_6.1
Conclusion: 
Some classroom are music
No music is classroom
Or
Some classroom are music
No classroom are music
2. All + Some Not:
Example: Statements: All Guava are Papaya. Some Papaya are Mango. Some Apple are Mango. 
Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO and other Bank Exams |_7.1
Conclusion:
All apple are papaya
Some apple are not papaya
Note: All apple is papaya + Some papaya are not apple (is not complementary pair).
Concept of Only a few and Only:

1. Only a few:  Means some but not all.
Example: Statements: All mango are orange. Only a few orange is banana. some banana are apples.
Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO and other Bank Exams |_8.1
Conclusions:
Some banana is orange. (right)
All banana is orange is a possibility. (right)
All orange is banana is a possibility. (wrong) This condition is false because only a few orange is banana.
2. Only: Only A is B means All B is A. But no other things will be related with B.
Example: Statements: Only mango are Orange.  Some mango are Fruits.  Some Apple are Fruits. 
Syllogism Study Notes for IBPS PO and other Bank Exams |_9.1
Conclusion:
Some fruits are mango.(Correct)
Some Apple are mango is a possibility. (correct)
Note: A Few, Many, Most, Atleast is considered as ‘some’.



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