Directions (1-5): Which of the following phrases (I), (II), and (III) given below each sentence CANNOT replace the phrase printed in bold letters without altering the meaning of the sentence both grammatically and contextually? Choose the best option among the five given alternatives that reflect the incorrect use of phrase in the context of the grammatically correct sentence. If all three phrases are incorrect, choose (e) as the answer.
Q1. Thanks for getting me lunch when I forgot my wallet at home! I will pay you back tomorrow.
(I)I will return your money tomorrow
(II)I will payback tomorrow
(III)I have to pay you tomorrow
(a)Only (I)
(b)Only (II)
(c)Only (III)
(d)Both (II) and (III)
(e)All (I), (II) and (III)
Q2. India has slipped to 42nd place on an annual Global Democracy Index amid ārise of conservative religious ideologiesā and increase in vigilantism and violence against minorities as well as other dissenting voices.
(I)after slipping to 42nd place in the
(II)who slipped to 42nd place on the
(III)has descended to 42nd place on an
(a)Only (I)
(b)Only (II)
(c)Both (I) and (II)
(d)Both (II) and (III)
(e)All (I), (II) and (III)
Q3. Given the continuing decline in the investment rate in India, there are hopes that the Budget would reignite the animal spirits required to revive the investment momentum.
(I)Considering the continuing decline
(II)As there is continuing decline
(III)Keeping in mind the continuing decline
(a)Only (I)
(b)Only (II)
(c)Only (III)
(d)Both (II) and (III)
(e)All (I), (II) and (III)
Q4. Gandhiās Constructive Programme was not a passing thought, but the outcome of a well-planned and thoughtful agenda.
(I)rather the result of a well-planned
(II)on the contrary, the effect of a well-planned
(III)however, the success of a well-planned
(a)Only (I)
(b)Only (II)
(c)Both (II) and (III)
(d)None of the three
(e)All (I), (II) and (III)
Q5. Resolution of stressed assets of the power sector is another area crucial for the overall investment situation in the economy.
(I)has been one of the areas to
(II)could be one area important in
(III)is a critical area to
(a)Only (I)
(b)Only (II)
(c)Only (III)
(d)Both (I) and (II)
Directions (6-10): In each of the questions given below two sentences are given with a blank. Both the blanks must be filled with one of the words given in the options. The word must make both the sentences grammatically and contextually correct.
Q6. (I) The Justices will hopefully focus their ____________________ on where the nation should draw the line between personal privacy and the national interest.
(II) They waited for him from four till six o’clock and did not begin their ____________________ all that time but talked in low tones of other matters.
(a) applications
(b) calculations
(c) combinations
(d) cautions
(e) deliberations
Q7. (I) The term āpoliticalsā referred to the officers of the _____________ Political Department, the precursor of our present foreign office under the Raj.
(II) I hadnāt dreamt nor I _______________ about the horrific accident.
(a) immersed
(b) speculated
(c) guaranteed
(d) fabled
(e) sealed
Q8. (I) The significantly widened tax base and higher ____________ post-demonetisation and GST should allow for some concessions, particularly to those not resorting to any evasion.
(II) Since the restaurant is not in _________________ with food safety laws, it will be closed down until the owner can bring it up to code.
(a) compliance
(b) reverberate
(c) rumble
(d) summon
(e) resonate
Q9. (I) There is no tax on capital ____________ from sale of equity shares or equity mutual fund units, when such sales are after 12 months of their purchase/investment.
(II) If a thief can rob him of the elixir he ___________ supernatural powers.
(a) Gains
(b) loose
(c) incomes
(d) achieves
(e) expenditure
Q10. (I) ___________ on the bridge were delayed by 4 weeks due to bad weather.
(II)She ____________ part-time at the restaurant.
(a) deeds
(b) works
(c) construction
(d) creates
(e) develops
Directions (11-15): In the following paragraph, there is a set of four highlighted words against each number indicated in bold in the beginning of the sentences. One of the given set of words may or may not fit into the statement. Choose the word which is not suitable in the context of the paragraph. If all the four words are correct and feasible, choose (e) i.e. āNo errorā as your answer.
(11) Changes in future land use, increased fragmentation of tiger habitat and the applauding loss in genetic diversity puts tiger populations at small and isolated reserves at high risk of extinction. (12) Progressive development can increase the probability of extinction by over 50%, a recent study has found. (13) The study, Maintaining Tiger Connectivity and Minimising Extinction into the Next Century: Insights from Landscape Genetics and Spatially-Explicit Simulations, dispatched in the February 2018 issue of the Biological Conservation journal, examined the population connectivity of tigers across nine reserves, (14) and used genetic data to infer the impact of changing landscapes on the species and simulate their extinction probability in different scenarios. (15) Increasing tiger numbers in such a scenario will decrease the extinction probability in just 12 percentage points (from 56% to 44%), the study found.
Q11.
(a) changes
(b) fragmentation
(c) applauding
(d) populations
(e) no error
Q12.
(a) Progressive
(b) probability
(c) extinction
(d) found
(e) no error
Q13.
(a) minimising
(b) dispatched
(c) issue
(d) examined
(e) no error
Q14.
(a) genetic
(b) impact
(c) simulate
(d) extinction
(e) no error
Q15.
(a) increasing
(b) scenario
(c) in
(d) study
(e) no error
Solutions
S1. Ans. (d)
Sol. Only the first expression is correct enough to replace the existing phrase without altering the meaning of the sentence. The phrasal verb āpay backā means to return money to someone from whom you have borrowed it. Thus, the expression āI will return your money tomorrowā almost gives the meaning of the given phrase. However, the second and the third expressions are not correct as they alter the intended meaning of the sentence. In the second expression, the phrase āpaybackā means revenge which isnāt the case in the sentence. In the third one, the use of the expression āhave to returnā gives a sense of compulsion which isnāt the true case. Hence option (d) is the correct choice.
S2. Ans. (c)
Sol. Only the third expression āhas descended to 42nd place on anā is correct enough to replace the existing phrase without altering the meaning of the sentence. It is to be noted that the expression is exactly as same as given in the sentence. The word ādescendedā means to go or come down which is similar in meaning to āslippedā. However, the other two expressions are incorrect as the use of determiners after the subject makes the sentence incomplete and contextually wrong. Both the expressions would alter the intended meaning of the sentence. Hence option (c) is the correct choice.
S3. Ans. (b)
Sol. Both the expressions (I) and (III) are correct and can be used as replacements to the existing one without altering the meaning of the sentence. It is to be noted that the word āGivenā used in the sentence denotes a preposition which means ātaking into accountā. Thus, both the expressions āConsideringā and āKeeping in mindā mean the same. However, the second expression is incorrect as it would alter the meaning of the sentence. The word āAsā refers to because; since, which is not the case in the given statement. Hence option (b) is the correct choice.
S4. Ans. (d)
Sol. All the three expressions are correct enough to replace the existing phrase from the sentence without altering its intended meaning. It is to be noted that all these expressions give the similar meaning to the phrase as mentioned in bold in the sentence. Hence option (d) is the correct choice.
S5. Ans. (e)
Sol. All the three expressions are incorrect and cannot be used as the replacement to the given phrase. In all the three cases, there is an error of preposition. The correct preposition that fits into the syntax is āforā [not ātoā or āinā]. Hence option (e) is the correct choice.
S6. Ans. (e)
Sol. Option (e) is the correct choice. āDeliberationsā is a noun which means a long and careful consideration or discussion. Thus, it satisfies both the sentences and provides meaning to them. However, the word āapplicationsā may satisfy the first sentence but it fails to provide meaning to the second sentence. Therefore, the word ādeliberationsā fits aptly to both the blank and proves to be the correct choice.
S7. Ans. (d)
Sol. Option (d) is the correct choice. The word āfabledā can be used as an adjective as well as a verb. In the first sentence the word āfabledā is used as an adjective which means famous, especially by reputation whereas; in the second sentence it is used as a second form of the verb āfableā which means here to tell fictitious tales. Thus, it satisfies both the sentences and provide appropriate meaning to it.
S8. Ans. (a)
Sol. Option (a) is the correct choice. ācomplianceā is a noun which means the action or fact of conformity with a wish or command. āReverberateā means to have continuing and serious effects. āRumbleā means to make a continuous deep, resonant sound. āResonateā means to produce or be filled with a deep, full, reverberating sound. Thus, the only word that is making both the sentences grammatically and meaningfully correct is ācomplianceā, therefore, it proves to be the right choice.
S9. Ans. (a)
Sol. Option (a) is the correct choice. The only word that aptly fits the blank in both the sentences is āgainsā. In the first sentence āgainsā is used as a noun which means an increase in wealth or resources. However, in the second sentence the word āgainsā is used as a verb which means to obtain or secure (something wanted or desirable).Ā Therefore, it makes the most suitable choice for the blank in both the sentences.
S10. Ans. (b)
Sol. Option (b) is the correct choice. In the first sentence āworksā is used as a noun. āWorksā has a different meaning when used to describe construction or engineering projects. āWorksā can also be used to mean an industrial plant, e.g. Over two hundred people are employed at the works. In the second sentence āworksā is used as a verb which means to be engaged in physical or mental activity in order to achieve a result; do work. Therefore, the word āworksā satisfies both the sentences.
S11. Ans. (c)
Sol. Option (c) is the correct choice. Here, the sentence is expressing the fact that the changes in land use and destroying tigerās habitat will ultimately lead to an inevitable loss of tiger population. āApplaudingā means showing strong approval of (a person or action); praise. Therefore, the usage of applauding is incorrect. The word required here is āinevitableā. āInevitableā means certain to happen; unavoidable.
S12. Ans. (a)
Sol. Option (a) is the correct choice. āProgressiveā depicts a positive sense in the sentence. It means something developing gradually or in stages. Moreover, āprogressiveā and ādevelopmentā has similar meanings. Thus, it makes the usage of āprogressiveā superfluous.Ā Therefore, the word required here is āunplannedā as the sentence is expressing the founding of a study which states that the probability of extinction of tiger may increase if the development continues to be unplanned.
S13. Ans. (b)
Sol. Option (b) is the correct choice. All the words except for ādispatchedā is providing sense to the paragraph. ādispatchedā means to send off to a destination or for a purpose whereas; the word required here is āpublishedā. The sentence of the paragraph is describing about the study which was published and examined about the population connectivity of tigers across nine reserves.
S14. Ans. (e)
Sol. All the given words are correct making the paragraph coherent. āGeneticā as an adjective means relating to genes or heredity. āSimulateā is a verb which means āimitate the appearance or character of.ā āExtinctionā is a noun which means the state or process of being or becoming extinct.
S15. Ans. (c)
Sol. Option (c) is the correct choice. The usage of preposition āinā is wrong making the sentence grammatically incorrect. The correct preposition required here is ābyā. Preposition āinā is used to express the length of time before a future event is expected to happen and preposition ābyā is used to indicate the amount or size of a margin. The sentence of the paragraph is stating a fall in the percentage of the probability of extinction of the tiger. Hence, ābyā is the correct preposition required.
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